CVI PW v2.0
Digital Private Banking & Wealth Management for sophisticated investors, advisors, and institutions.
What is CVI PW?
CVI PW is a comprehensive digital private banking and wealth management platform that brings together banking operations, crypto wallets, ERC20 token creation, real-time asset tracking, multi-currency analytics, AI-powered insights, and investment tools — all in one secure, responsive interface. Whether you manage bank accounts, crypto wallets, stocks, bonds, real estate, or alternative assets, CVI PW gives you complete control of your financial life.
Core Capabilities
Page Map
| Page | Purpose | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| Dashboard | Decision hub | NAV, Health Score, Allocation, Risk, AI Insights, News |
| Holdings | Asset inventory | Filter by type, expandable rows, charts, P&L, print |
| Income | Passive income | Gross/net breakdown, per-asset yields, payout schedule |
| Expenses | Recurring costs | Categories, coverage ratio, net surplus calculation |
| Leverage | Debt tracking | LTV ratios, financing costs, interest coverage |
| Simulate | What-if analysis | Multiple placements, combined impact, print report |
| AI Advisor | Investment advisor | Risk profiling, AI simulate, investment recommendations, portfolio analysis, bank email |
| NAV History | Value trend | 1M/3M/6M/1Y/ALL periods, sparkline chart |
| Settings | Configuration | Currency, FX rates, account, tools |
| Admin | System admin | Users, API keys, portfolios overview |
🚀 Getting Started
Get up and running with CVI PW in minutes.
Logging In
- Navigate to the CVI PW login page in your browser.
- Enter your username and password provided by your administrator.
- Select your role: Investor (portfolio management) or Admin (system administration).
- Click Log In. You will be taken to the Dashboard.
First Steps After Login
- Set your base currency — Click the currency button (e.g., "USD") in the top-right corner and select your preferred reporting currency.
- Fetch live FX rates — Go to Settings → Currencies and click ⚡ Fetch Live Rates to get the latest exchange rates.
- Add your first asset — Click the + Add Asset button in the top-right corner. The full asset wizard will guide you through search, configuration, and income setup.
- Explore the Dashboard — Once you have assets, the Dashboard will populate with NAV, allocation, risk metrics, and AI insights.
Navigation
The top navigation bar contains links to all major pages: Dashboard, Holdings, Income, Expenses, Leverage, Simulate, and AI Advisor.
The right side of the navigation bar contains quick actions:
| Button | Action |
|---|---|
| 💱 Currency | Switch base currency instantly |
| ⚡ Refresh | Update all asset prices from live market feeds |
| Generate a print-ready portfolio statement | |
| + Add Asset | Open the Add Asset wizard |
| 🌙 / ☀️ | Toggle dark/light theme |
| 👤 User | Open Settings page |
| Log Out | End your session securely |
Market Ticker Strip
Below the navigation bar, a scrolling ticker displays live market data for your top holdings and major indices (S&P 500, Gold, Oil, Bitcoin, EUR/USD, Nasdaq). Click the ✕ button to collapse it, or 📈 Show Markets to restore it.
📊 Dashboard
Your institutional decision hub — everything at a glance.
Hero KPI Card
The large card at the top displays your portfolio's key performance indicators:
- Net Asset Value (NAV) — Total assets minus total liabilities, with a sparkline trend
- Total Return — Absolute profit or loss across all holdings
- Return % — Percentage gain/loss relative to cost basis
- Net Monthly Income — Passive income after financing costs and expenses
- Portfolio Yield — Annual income as a percentage of total value
Portfolio Health Score
An interactive donut chart scoring your portfolio from 0 to 100, based on four factors:
- Equity Ratio — How much of your portfolio you actually own (NAV %)
- Debt Ratio — Loan-to-Value percentage (lower is better)
- Liquidity Score — Proportion of easily liquidated assets
- Income Coverage — Net income relative to expenses
The profile label updates: Conservative (70+), Moderate (40–69), or Aggressive (<40).
Asset Allocation
A visual bar chart showing how your capital is distributed across asset classes. Includes a Diversification Score (0–100) and flags concentration warnings if any single type exceeds 40% of the portfolio.
Risk & Leverage
- LTV Ratio — Visual bar showing total debt relative to total assets
- Interest Coverage — How comfortably income covers financing costs
- Stress Tests — Simulated NAV at -5%, -10%, and -20% market drops
- Value-at-Risk (VaR) — Estimated maximum monthly loss at 95% confidence
Top Holdings
Your 6 largest positions by value, each showing individual P&L and concentration percentage. Positions exceeding 15% of the portfolio are flagged.
AI Insights
Five rule-based insights analysing your portfolio for concentration risk, liquidity gaps, leverage warnings, income opportunities, and diversification suggestions. Each insight is colour-coded by priority.
Market News
An auto-rotating carousel of headlines related to your holdings. Navigate with arrow buttons or dot indicators. Headlines link to full articles.
💼 Holdings
Your complete asset inventory with filtering, detail panels, and charts.
Overview Panel
At the top, you see the total number of assets, total portfolio value, and average allocation percentages.
Filtering by Type
Click the filter pills (All, Stocks, Crypto, Bonds, ETFs, Cash, Property, Metals, etc.) to instantly filter the table. Each pill shows the count of assets in that category.
Holdings Table
Each row displays:
| Column | Description |
|---|---|
| Asset | Icon, name, ticker or ISIN, type badge |
| Value | Current market value in base currency |
| Allocation | Percentage of total portfolio with visual bar |
| Cost | Original cost basis |
| P&L | Profit or loss — absolute amount and percentage (green/red) |
| Income | Annual income and yield percentage |
Expandable Detail Panel
Click any asset row to expand an inline detail panel showing:
- Full asset information (name, type, ticker, ISIN, currency, custody)
- Position metrics (quantity, cost basis, current value)
- P&L performance with percentage return
- Income details (annual income, payout frequency, yield)
- Price history chart — interactive Chart.js graph for assets with tickers
- Edit and Delete action buttons
Print Portfolio
Click the 🖨 Print Portfolio button to generate a comprehensive print-ready report with all asset details, charts, and P&L data expanded. This opens in a new window ready for printing or saving as PDF.
➕ Adding Assets
The full-featured Asset Wizard guides you through adding any investment.
Opening the Wizard
Click the + Add Asset button in the top navigation bar, or from the Holdings page. The wizard opens as a full-screen overlay.
Step 1: Choose Asset Type
Select from the 9 asset type cards:
Step 2: Search & Configure
Smart Asset Search
For searchable asset types (stocks, crypto, ETFs, metals), type a name, ticker symbol, or ISIN into the search field. The system auto-detects:
- Tickers (e.g., AAPL, MSFT) → Yahoo Finance lookup
- ISINs (e.g., LU1564329115) → FT Markets / Morningstar lookup
- Crypto names (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum) → CoinGecko lookup
Select a result to auto-populate name, ticker, ISIN, price, currency, and dividend data.
Form Fields
| Field | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|
| Name | Asset name (auto-filled from search) | Yes |
| Ticker / Symbol | Exchange ticker for price lookups | No |
| ISIN | International Securities ID (12 characters) | No |
| Quantity | Number of units / shares / coins | Yes |
| Currency | Asset's native currency | Yes |
| Purchase Price | Price per unit at time of purchase | Yes |
| Current Price | Latest market price (⚡ fetch live) | No |
| Purchase Date | Date of acquisition | No |
| Custody / Broker | Where the asset is held | No |
| Annual Income/Unit | Dividend, coupon, or yield per unit | No |
| Payout Frequency | Monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, annual, none | No |
| Notes | Free-form notes about the position | No |
Leverage (Optional)
If the asset is financed with debt, expand the leverage section:
- Loan Amount — Outstanding debt against this asset
- Loan Currency — May differ from the asset currency
- Interest Rate (% p.a.) — Annual interest rate on the loan
AI Import
Instead of manual entry, paste any trade confirmation, broker statement, or description text into the ✨ AI Import tab. Claude AI will automatically extract all relevant fields and pre-fill the form.
💰 Income & Coupons
Track all passive income from your investments.
Monthly Net Income Banner
The headline banner shows the calculation: Gross Income − Financing Costs − Expenses = Net Income on a monthly basis.
Key Metrics
- Gross Annual Income — Total income from all assets before deductions
- Financing Cost — Annual interest on all loans
- Net Annual Income — After deducting financing and expenses
- Gross Income Yield — Total income as % of portfolio value
Income by Asset Table
Every income-generating asset is listed with:
- Asset name, type, and currency
- Annual income (total and per unit)
- Monthly income equivalent
- Payout frequency (monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, annual)
- Yield on that specific position
Income types include: Dividends (stocks/ETFs), Coupons (bonds), Interest (cash), Rental Income (property), and Staking Rewards (crypto).
🏦 Leverage & Liabilities
Monitor debt, financing costs, and risk across leveraged positions.
Summary Cards
- Gross Asset Value — Total market value of all assets
- Total Liabilities — Sum of all outstanding loans
- Net Asset Value — Assets minus liabilities (colour-coded green/red)
- Annual Financing Cost — Total annual interest across all loans
Leveraged Positions Table
Only assets with active loans appear here. Each row shows:
- Asset value and loan amount (in base currency)
- NAV (equity) per position
- LTV % — Loan-to-Value ratio (green <30%, orange 30–60%, red >60%)
- Interest rate and financing cost (annual and monthly)
The overall portfolio LTV ratio is displayed at the bottom.
📋 Expenses
Track recurring costs and understand their impact on your net income.
Adding Expenses
- Click the + Add Expense button on the Expenses page.
- Select a category (Management, Advisory, Insurance, Tax, Platform, Other).
- Enter a description, amount, currency, and frequency.
- Click Save. The expense will appear in the table and be factored into net income calculations.
Expense Summary Box
Below the table, a summary box shows:
- Monthly & annual totals
- Expense-to-income ratio — Traffic light indicator (green <50%, yellow 50–80%, red >80%)
- Net monthly surplus — Income remaining after expenses and financing
- Income coverage ratio — How many times income covers expenses
📐 Placement Simulator
Run "what-if" scenarios with multiple hypothetical trades.
How It Works
The simulator lets you add one or more proposed placements (hypothetical trades) and instantly see their combined impact on your portfolio — without making any actual changes to your holdings.
Adding Placements
- Navigate to the Simulate page from the top menu.
- Click 🔍 Add First Asset. The full Add Asset wizard opens in simulate mode.
- Search for an asset, fill in quantity, price, and income details just as you would when adding a real asset.
- Click 📐 Simulate Impact. The placement is added to your list.
- Repeat to add more placements — there is no limit.
Managing Placements
Each placement appears as a compact card on the left side. You can:
- Edit inline — Adjust quantity, buy price, market price, or income directly on the card
- ✏️ Edit — Reopen the full wizard to make deeper changes
- ✕ Remove — Delete a placement from the simulation
Portfolio Impact Panel
The right column shows the combined effect of all placements:
- Capital Deployed — Total cost of all proposed trades
- Before → After comparisons for: Available Cash, Invested Capital, Monthly Income, Portfolio Yield, Net Asset Value
- Cash Balance Bar — Visual before/after comparison
- Cash Warning — Red alert if simulation exceeds available cash
Impact updates in real time as you add, edit, or remove placements.
Print Simulation Report
Click 🖨 Print / Save Simulation Report to generate a professional report with all proposed placements in a table and the full before/after impact analysis. Opens in a new window for printing or PDF export.
🧠 AI Investment Advisor
AI-powered investment guidance with risk profiling, recommendations, simulation, and reporting.
Investment Profile
On first visit, a guided wizard helps you build your investment profile:
- Risk Tolerance — Conservative to Aggressive
- Investment Horizon — Short-term to Very Long-term (15+ years)
- Income Needs — None to Primary Income Source
- Experience Level — Beginner to Expert
- Age Range — Under 30 to Over 60
- Goals & Constraints — Free-text investment goals and preferences (e.g. Shariah-compliant, no tobacco, minimum yield)
Your profile is used by the AI to tailor all advice and recommendations to your specific situation.
AI Simulate Tab
Choose from pre-built scenarios or describe your own:
- ⚖️ Rebalance Portfolio — Optimise allocation to match your risk profile
- 💰 Maximise Income — Swap low-yield positions for higher income alternatives
- 🛡️ Reduce Risk — De-risk your portfolio while preserving returns
- 📈 Growth Focus — Shift to growth-oriented positions for capital appreciation
- Custom Scenario — Describe any what-if scenario in your own words
The AI analyses your current portfolio, risk profile, and goals, then proposes specific investment products with real names, tickers, ISIN codes, quantities, prices, and expected income. These are automatically loaded into the simulator.
Investment & Leverage Settings
Before running a simulation, configure the Investment & Leverage Settings panel:
- Capital to Invest — Free-text amount: how much of available cash the client wants to deploy (no need to go all-in)
- Leverage Ratio — Select from No Leverage, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, or 1:5. With 1:1 leverage, the client puts up 1 part equity and borrows 1 part — doubling the deployable capital
- Loan Currency — The currency of the Lombard/margin facility (can differ from product currencies, e.g., CHF loan for USD products)
- Interest Rate — Annual interest rate on the facility (interest-only, no capital repayment)
The summary bar shows: Own Equity, Total to Deploy, Borrowed Amount (in loan currency), and Interest Cost. When leverage is active, the AI constructs an income-optimised portfolio where the weighted yield exceeds the borrowing cost.
Simulator Tab
All AI-proposed products appear as collapsible cards in the simulator:
- Compact View — One-line summary per product showing name, ticker, ISIN, quantity × price, cost, income, and ROI%
- Expand to Edit — Click any card to expand and edit quantity, buy price, current price, or income per unit
- Live Updates — Changes instantly update the compact overview line and the portfolio impact panel
- Portfolio Impact — Before vs After comparison for: Available Cash, Invested Capital, Monthly Income, Portfolio Yield, and NAV
- Facility Breakdown — When leverage is active: Your Equity vs Borrowed vs Total Position, plus Gross Income → Interest Cost → Net Income → ROE on equity
- Historical Backtest — Click "📈 Historical Backtest" to see how the simulated portfolio would have performed historically (see below)
- AI Review — After making changes, click "AI Review My Changes" for the AI to analyse your modifications
- Email to Bank — Generate a professional email draft with all order details (product name, ticker, ISIN, quantity, price) ready to send to your relationship manager
- Print Report — Generate a print-ready simulation report with full placements table and impact analysis
- Save Simulation — Save your simulation for future reference
Simulation state persists across page navigation — you can browse other pages and return without losing your work.
Historical Backtest
After building a simulation (manually or via AI), click the 📈 Historical Backtest button to see how the portfolio combination would have performed historically:
- Time Ranges — Select 1M, 3M, 6M, 1Y, 2Y, or 5Y lookback periods
- Combined NAV Chart — Interactive Chart.js line chart showing the combined portfolio value over time (gold line with fill)
- Individual Product Lines — Toggle any product on/off to see its individual historical NAV as a dashed overlay line
- Key Metrics — Total Return %, Max Drawdown %, Annualised Volatility %, and current Portfolio Value
- Product Performance Cards — Each product's individual return and max drawdown, color-coded for quick comparison
- Tooltip Details — Hover over the chart to see exact values for each visible line on any date
Historical data is fetched from Yahoo Finance for all products with ticker symbols. Products without tickers are excluded with a warning note.
Real-Time Market Intelligence
The AI Advisor receives live market data before every interaction:
- Financial News — Latest headlines from Reuters, CNBC, MarketWatch, NYT Business, and BBC Business via RSS feeds
- Market Indices — Live prices for S&P 500, Dow Jones, Nasdaq, VIX, US 10Y Treasury Yield, Gold, Crude Oil, US Dollar Index, and Bitcoin
- Central Bank Data — Federal Funds Rate from the FRED database
This intelligence is injected into every AI prompt, enabling the advisor to reference specific market levels, cite recent news events, and position portfolios based on the current macroeconomic environment — not just generic rules.
Report Tab
The Report tab organises all AI-generated content into two categories:
- 📋 Portfolio Analysis — Comprehensive AI analysis of your current portfolio including health check, risk assessment, income analysis, and strategic outlook. Click "Generate Portfolio Analysis" to create a new one.
- 🤖 Investment Recommendations — All AI simulation results and reviews from the AI Simulate tab, listed with generation dates.
Click any report to view it. Reports can be printed or exported to PDF. You can delete reports you no longer need.
Ask Your Advisor
Ask any investment question in the text box. The AI considers your profile, current holdings, and market context to provide personalised answers. If the response includes specific product recommendations, they are automatically loaded into the simulator.
⚙️ Settings
Configure your portfolio, currencies, account, and tools.
Portfolio Tab
- Active Portfolio — Select which portfolio to view/manage
- Portfolio Name — Edit the display name of your portfolio
Currencies Tab
- Base Currency — Dropdown to select your reporting currency (40+ options)
- ⚡ Fetch Live Rates — Pull latest exchange rates from Yahoo Finance
- Favourite Currencies — Toggle which currencies appear in the quick-switch dropdown in the top bar
Account Tab
- Full Name — Update your display name
- Change Password — Opens a secure password change dialog
Tools Tab
- Refresh All Prices — Bulk update prices for all assets with tickers or ISINs
- Print Statement — Generate a portfolio statement with configurable sections
🔐 Administration
System management for admin users.
System Statistics
Overview cards showing: total users, total assets across all portfolios, total portfolios, and number of admin accounts.
API Key Management
| Key | Purpose | Required? |
|---|---|---|
| Anthropic API Key | Powers AI asset extraction and report generation | For AI features |
| Yahoo Finance Key | Improves rate limits for stock/FX data | Optional (free tier works) |
| CoinGecko Key | Improves rate limits for crypto data | Optional (free tier works) |
Each key shows a real-time validation status (green ✓ if valid, red ✗ if invalid or missing).
User Management
- Search & filter users by name
- Add new users with username, name, email, and role
- Edit users — change name, role, or status
- Deactivate users — soft-disable (account retained for audit purposes)
Portfolios Overview
View all portfolios across all users: owner, name, asset count, and base currency.
🖨️ Printing & Export
Generate professional print-ready reports from any page.
Portfolio Statement
- Click the 🖨 button in the top navigation, or go to Settings → Tools → Print Statement.
- The Print Options dialog lets you choose which sections to include: Holdings, Expenses, or high-level summaries only.
- Click Generate. A professional statement opens in a new window.
- Use your browser's Print dialog (Ctrl+P or Cmd+P) to print on paper or Save as PDF.
Print Portfolio (Holdings Page)
The 🖨 Print Portfolio button on the Holdings page generates a detailed report with all asset information expanded, including price history charts for each position.
Simulation Report
From the Simulate page, click 🖨 Print / Save Simulation Report to generate a report covering all proposed placements and the complete before/after impact analysis.
AI Advisor Reports
Both portfolio analysis and simulation reports can be printed directly from the AI Advisor page. Each report includes a 🖨 Print / PDF button that formats the content for printing.
🏷️ Asset Types Reference
The 9 asset classes supported by CVI PW.
| Icon | Type | Code | Live Pricing | Income Label | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 📈 | Stocks & Shares | STOCK | ✅ Yahoo Finance | Dividend | AAPL, MSFT, TSLA |
| ₿ | Cryptocurrency | CRYPTO | ✅ CoinGecko | Staking Reward | Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana |
| 📜 | Bonds & Fixed Income | BOND | ✅ FT / ISIN | Coupon | Government bonds, corporate bonds |
| 📊 | ETFs & Funds | ETF | ✅ Yahoo / ISIN | Dividend | SPY, VOO, iShares funds |
| 💵 | Cash Accounts | CASH | — | Interest | Savings, money market, deposits |
| 🏠 | Real Estate | PROPERTY | — | Rental Income | Apartments, houses, REITs |
| 🥇 | Precious Metals | METALS | ✅ Yahoo Finance | — | Gold (GC=F), Silver (SI=F) |
| 🎨 | Art & Collectibles | COLLECTIBLE | — | — | Fine art, wine, vintage cars |
| 📦 | Other | OTHER | — | Income | Any unlisted asset |
💱 Currencies & FX
Multi-currency support with live exchange rates.
Base Currency
Your base currency is the currency in which all portfolio values are displayed. All asset values in different currencies are automatically converted using the stored exchange rates.
Change it via: top-bar currency button or Settings → Currencies → Base Currency.
Supported Currencies
CVI PW supports 40+ currencies including: USD, EUR, GBP, AED, CHF, SGD, JPY, CNY, SAR, INR, CAD, AUD, HKD, MYR, SEK, NOK, DKK, KWD, QAR, BHD, OMR, JOD, TRY, ZAR, and many more.
Fetching Live Rates
- Go to Settings → Currencies.
- Click ⚡ Fetch Live Rates.
- Exchange rates are pulled from Yahoo Finance and saved to your portfolio.
- A timestamp shows when rates were last updated.
Favourite Currencies
Customise which currencies appear in the quick-switch dropdown in the top navigation bar. Toggle currencies on/off in the Currency Menu grid under Settings → Currencies.
How Conversion Works
All rates are stored relative to USD as the reference. The conversion formula is:
For example, to convert 1000 AED to EUR: (1000 ÷ 3.67) × 0.92 ≈ 250.68 EUR
📖 Glossary
Key financial terms used throughout CVI PW.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| NAV | Net Asset Value — total assets minus total liabilities. Your true equity. |
| P&L | Profit & Loss — the difference between current value and cost basis. |
| LTV | Loan-to-Value — liabilities as a percentage of total asset value. |
| Yield | Annual income expressed as a percentage of current market value. |
| Allocation | The percentage of your portfolio invested in each asset class. |
| Cost Basis | Original purchase price multiplied by quantity — your total investment. |
| Ticker | A short code used on stock exchanges (e.g., AAPL for Apple Inc.). |
| ISIN | International Securities Identification Number — a 12-character alphanumeric code uniquely identifying a security. |
| Dividend | A share of a company's profit distributed to shareholders. |
| Coupon | The periodic interest payment on a bond. |
| FX Rate | Foreign exchange rate — how much of one currency equals another. |
| Stress Test | Simulating portfolio behaviour under adverse market conditions. |
| VaR | Value-at-Risk — estimated maximum loss over a period at a given confidence level. |
| Coverage Ratio | Income divided by expenses — your ability to cover obligations from investment income. |
| Diversification | Spreading investments across multiple asset types to reduce risk. |
| Rebalancing | Adjusting your portfolio to return to target allocation percentages. |
| Market Cap | Total market value of a company (share price × total shares). |
| Payout Frequency | How often income is distributed: monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or annually. |
📚 Knowledge Center — Bond & Sukuk Structures
Comprehensive reference for all note structures available on the CVI Private Wealth FixedNote platform, including conventional bonds and Shariah-compliant Sukuk instruments.
Conventional Bond & Note Types
How it works: The issuer borrows capital from investors and pays a fixed coupon (interest rate) at regular intervals (monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or annually). At maturity, the principal is returned in full.
Example: A 3-year note paying 6% p.a. quarterly on a $100,000 investment pays $1,500 every quarter for 12 payments, then returns $100,000 at maturity.
Risk profile: Low-to-medium. Credit risk of the issuer, interest rate risk (if rates rise, the bond's market value decreases).
On CVI: Created as note_type: fixed_income with a set coupon_rate and coupon_frequency.
How it works: The coupon adjusts periodically based on a benchmark rate (e.g., SOFR, EURIBOR) plus a fixed spread. If the benchmark rises, coupon payments increase; if it falls, they decrease.
Example: A note paying SOFR + 2.5% — if SOFR is 4.5%, the coupon is 7.0% p.a. Next quarter if SOFR moves to 4.0%, the coupon drops to 6.5%.
Risk profile: Lower interest rate risk than fixed-rate bonds (the coupon adjusts to market). Higher uncertainty in income stream.
On CVI: Created with coupon_mode: variable. The AI Trader and daily close engine calculate actual performance-based distributions.
How it works: No fixed coupon. Investors' returns are directly tied to the Net Asset Value (NAV) of the underlying portfolio. If the portfolio appreciates, the unit price rises. If it falls, the unit price decreases. No capital protection.
Example: An investor subscribes at $100/unit. After 1 year, the backing portfolio has grown 12%, so the unit price is $112. The investor can redeem at the current NAV.
Risk profile: Medium-to-high. Full market risk exposure. No fixed income guarantee.
On CVI: Created as note_type: nav_only. Daily NAV calculated from custody account assets via the daily close engine.
How it works: Combines NAV-linked capital appreciation with periodic coupon payments. The portfolio generates income (dividends, option premium, interest), part of which is distributed as coupons while the remainder is reinvested to grow NAV.
Example: EYSIN (Enhanced Yield Structured Income Note) — a covered call strategy that sells option premium on equity holdings. Premium income funds monthly coupon distributions, while stock appreciation drives NAV growth.
Risk profile: Medium. Income from premiums provides a buffer, but NAV still fluctuates with the market.
On CVI: Created as note_type: hybrid. Uses Strategy Builder's covered call overlay or AI-designed income strategy.
How it works: Issued at a discount to face value. No periodic coupon payments. The investor receives the full face value at maturity. The difference between purchase price and face value is the return.
Example: A 2-year zero-coupon note with face value $100 issued at $88. At maturity, the investor receives $100 — a return of ~6.8% p.a. compounded.
Risk profile: Low-to-medium. No reinvestment risk (no coupons to reinvest), but full duration risk.
On CVI: Created with coupon_rate: 0 and unit_price set below face value.
How it works: A bond that can be converted into equity (shares) of the issuing entity at a predetermined conversion ratio. Pays a lower coupon than a straight bond because of the embedded option to convert to equity.
Example: A $1,000 convertible note paying 3% p.a. with a conversion ratio of 10 shares per $1,000. If the stock rises above $100/share, converting becomes profitable.
Risk profile: Medium. Downside protection through the bond floor, upside participation through the equity option.
How it works: Pools of assets (receivables, loans, leases, property income) are transferred to an SPV which issues notes backed by the cash flows from those assets. Often structured in tranches (senior/mezzanine/junior) with different risk/return profiles.
Example: A property developer transfers $10M in rental income receivables to an SPV. The SPV issues notes to investors who receive coupon payments funded by the rental income.
Risk profile: Varies by tranche. Senior tranches are lower risk with lower yield; junior tranches absorb losses first but earn higher yields.
On CVI: Created via the Securitization path in Note Creator. Upload a business plan or PPM; the Deal Architect AI structures the deal.
☪ Sukuk — Shariah-Compliant Structures
What is a Sukuk?
A Sukuk (plural: Sukuk, Arabic: صكوك) is an Islamic financial certificate similar to a bond in conventional finance, but structured to comply with Shariah (Islamic law). Unlike bonds, Sukuk do not pay interest (Riba), which is prohibited in Islam. Instead, Sukuk represent ownership shares in an underlying tangible asset, usufruct, or business venture, and returns are generated through profit-sharing, lease income, or trade margins.
Sukuk are governed by AAOIFI Shariah Standards (Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions), specifically Standards 17-21 covering investment Sukuk structures.
Core Shariah Principles Enforced by CVI
| Principle (Arabic) | Definition | How CVI Enforces It |
|---|---|---|
| No Riba (ربا) | Prohibition of interest. Money cannot earn money directly. Returns must come from real economic activity or asset ownership. | Fixed coupons are prohibited. All distributions are variable, based on actual portfolio performance (profit-sharing). |
| No Gharar (غرر) | Prohibition of excessive uncertainty or ambiguity in contracts. All terms must be transparent and well-defined. | Options, derivatives, margin trading, and speculative strategies are automatically blocked. No covered calls, no leverage. |
| No Maysir (ميسر) | Prohibition of gambling or speculative transactions where one party's gain equals another's loss without productive activity. | Speculative strategy types (arbitrage, grid trading for pure speculation) are removed from available options. |
| Haram Sectors (حرام) | Investment in prohibited industries: alcohol, tobacco, gambling, weapons/defense, pork products, adult entertainment, conventional banking/insurance. | 64 prohibited tickers are screened in real-time. Adding a haram ticker triggers an immediate rejection with halal alternatives suggested. |
| Asset-Backing (>51%) | Sukuk must be backed by tangible assets or productive business activity. At least 51% of the portfolio must be in real/tangible assets. | Screening engine validates asset-backing ratio. Conventional bond ETFs (AGG, BND, LQD, TLT, etc.) are prohibited and replaced with Shariah-compliant alternatives. |
| Profit-Loss Sharing (PLS) | Risk and reward must be shared between issuer and investor. Guaranteed returns are not permitted. | Coupon mode forced to "variable" (profit-sharing). Returns reflect actual portfolio performance — no guaranteed yield. |
Sukuk Structure Types
CVI supports six AAOIFI-recognized Sukuk structures. The appropriate type is recommended automatically by the Shariah screening engine based on the underlying assets and strategy:
AAOIFI Standard: Shariah Standard No. 9 (Ijara and Ijara Muntahia Bittamleek)
How it works: The issuer (originator) sells an asset to an SPV, which leases it back to the originator. Sukuk holders own the SPV and receive rental payments as their return. At maturity, the originator repurchases the asset at a pre-agreed price.
Structure flow:
- Originator transfers ownership of a tangible asset (property, equipment, aircraft) to the SPV
- SPV issues Sukuk certificates to investors (Sukuk holders become owners of the asset via the SPV)
- SPV leases the asset back to the originator under an Ijara (lease) contract
- Originator pays periodic rental payments to the SPV, which distributes them to Sukuk holders
- At maturity, originator exercises a purchase undertaking to buy back the asset at face value
Shariah basis: Returns are rental income from a real asset — not interest. The SPV and Sukuk holders bear ownership risk (asset damage, depreciation). The rental rate can be fixed or floating (benchmarked to a reference rate, which is permissible as a pricing mechanism, not as Riba).
Best suited for: Real estate, infrastructure, equipment-backed notes. Most commonly used Sukuk structure globally (~60% of all Sukuk issuances).
On CVI: Recommended when the backing portfolio contains real estate or physical asset exposure.
AAOIFI Standard: Shariah Standard No. 8 (Murabaha)
How it works: The SPV uses investor funds to purchase a commodity (e.g., metal on the London Metal Exchange). The SPV then sells the commodity to the originator at cost + an agreed profit margin, with deferred payment. The originator pays in installments, which fund distributions to Sukuk holders.
Structure flow:
- SPV collects funds from Sukuk holders
- SPV purchases Shariah-compliant commodities (typically metals) on the spot market
- SPV sells commodities to the originator at cost + agreed profit margin (Murabaha price)
- Originator pays the Murabaha price in installments over the Sukuk tenor
- SPV distributes installment payments to Sukuk holders
Shariah basis: This is a trade transaction (sale of goods), not a loan. The profit margin is permissible because it represents a return on a real trade, not interest on money. The commodity must be genuinely purchased and delivered (even if briefly).
Best suited for: Short-term financing, commodity-backed strategies, gold/metal portfolios. Cannot be traded on secondary markets (must be held to maturity) per AAOIFI ruling.
On CVI: Recommended for commodity-heavy portfolios (GLD, IAU, physical gold exposure).
AAOIFI Standard: Shariah Standard No. 12 (Sharika/Musharaka)
How it works: Sukuk holders and the originator form a joint venture (Musharaka). Both parties contribute capital and share profits according to a pre-agreed ratio. Losses are shared in proportion to capital contribution. This is the purest form of Islamic finance — true partnership.
Structure flow:
- SPV and originator form a Musharaka (partnership) agreement
- SPV contributes Sukuk proceeds; originator contributes assets, expertise, or additional capital
- Partnership invests in Shariah-compliant activities (equity portfolio, business venture, etc.)
- Profits are distributed per the agreed ratio (e.g., 70/30, 80/20)
- Losses are shared proportional to each party's capital contribution
- At maturity, originator may purchase the SPV's partnership share at market value
Shariah basis: True equity participation. No guaranteed returns. Both parties share risk and reward proportionally. The profit-sharing ratio can differ from the capital ratio (rewarding the managing partner's effort), but loss sharing must be proportional to capital.
Diminishing Musharaka variant: The originator gradually buys out the SPV's share over the Sukuk tenor, making periodic payments that combine profit distribution and share purchase. At maturity, the originator owns 100% of the venture.
Best suited for: Equity portfolios, diversified strategies, business ventures. The most Shariah-authentic structure.
On CVI: Default recommendation for equity-based strategies (SPUS, HLAL, individual halal stocks). Used by the Shariah Equity Growth template.
AAOIFI Standard: Shariah Standard No. 23 (Agency/Wakala)
How it works: Sukuk holders appoint the originator as their agent (Wakil) to invest their funds in Shariah-compliant activities. The agent earns a fixed fee or performance-based incentive, while all investment returns belong to the Sukuk holders (the principal).
Structure flow:
- SPV collects funds from Sukuk holders
- SPV appoints the originator as Wakil (investment agent) under a Wakala agreement
- Wakil invests funds in a diversified portfolio of Shariah-compliant assets
- Wakil earns a fixed management fee (Wakala fee) and may earn incentive fee for outperformance
- All profits above the Wakala fee are distributed to Sukuk holders
- Losses are borne by Sukuk holders (the principals), unless caused by negligence of the Wakil
Shariah basis: Agency relationship — the Wakil is a fiduciary. Investment returns are not guaranteed. The Wakil's fee is for services rendered, not interest. The expected profit rate is an estimate, not a guarantee.
Best suited for: Managed portfolios, multi-asset strategies, treasury management. Most flexible structure — can invest in any Shariah-compliant asset class.
On CVI: Default recommendation for multi-asset and diversified strategies. Most commonly recommended by the screening engine.
AAOIFI Standard: Shariah Standard No. 13 (Mudaraba)
How it works: Sukuk holders provide 100% of the capital (Rabb al-Mal). The originator provides 100% of the expertise and management (Mudarib). Profits are shared per an agreed ratio. Losses are borne entirely by the capital providers (Sukuk holders), unless the Mudarib was negligent.
Structure flow:
- SPV collects funds from Sukuk holders (who are the capital providers)
- SPV provides capital to the originator (Mudarib) under a Mudaraba agreement
- Mudarib manages the investment using their expertise and business acumen
- Profits are shared according to agreed ratio (e.g., 60% to Sukuk holders, 40% to Mudarib)
- Losses are absorbed by Sukuk holders (capital providers), not the Mudarib
- Mudarib loses their time and effort if the venture is unsuccessful
Shariah basis: Classical Islamic partnership where one party provides capital and the other provides labor/expertise. The asymmetric loss sharing is intentional — the capital provider risks money, the manager risks time/effort. Neither party receives a guaranteed return.
Best suited for: Fund-of-funds, private equity, venture capital structures where the manager's expertise is the primary value driver.
On CVI: Recommended for strategies where the AI Trader or portfolio manager is the primary driver of returns.
AAOIFI Standard: Shariah Standard No. 11 (Istisna and Parallel Istisna)
How it works: A contract to manufacture or construct a specific asset to agreed specifications. Sukuk holders fund the construction through the SPV. Upon completion, the asset generates income (via Ijara lease-back or sale) which funds distributions.
Structure flow:
- SPV collects funds from Sukuk holders
- SPV enters an Istisna contract with a contractor to build/manufacture a specified asset
- During construction: no distributions (or partial distributions from interim milestones)
- Upon completion: SPV leases the completed asset to the originator (parallel Ijara)
- Rental income from the completed asset funds periodic distributions to Sukuk holders
- At maturity, the asset is sold or transferred, and proceeds are returned to Sukuk holders
Shariah basis: A sale contract for a thing to be manufactured/constructed. Price, specifications, and delivery date must be agreed upfront. Different from a loan because it involves a real deliverable asset. Commonly combined with Ijara for the post-completion income phase.
Best suited for: Infrastructure projects, real estate development, manufacturing. Rarely used for portfolio-based products.
☪ CVI Shariah Screening & Certification Process
How CVI Validates Shariah Compliance
Every Sukuk created through CVI undergoes a multi-layered automated Shariah screening process before issuance. The screening engine checks the product against AAOIFI standards and produces a compliance score (0-100) with detailed findings. A product must score 100/100 with zero critical violations to receive the Shariah Compliance Certificate.
Screening Steps:
- Riba Check: Validates no fixed interest/coupons. Scans for conventional bonds (AGG, BND, LQD, TLT, HYG, JNK, and 15 others) in the portfolio. Ensures coupon mode is "variable" (profit-sharing).
- Gharar Check: Validates no options, derivatives, margin, or speculative instruments. Covered call overlays are automatically stripped. Leverage is locked to 1x (no borrowing).
- Maysir Check: Screens for purely speculative strategies (gambling-like risk profiles). Validates that the strategy has a productive economic purpose.
- Haram Sector Screening: Cross-references all portfolio tickers against a database of 64 prohibited stocks across 8 sectors: alcohol (BUD, DEO, STZ, TAP, SAM), tobacco (PM, MO, BTI, IMBBY), gambling (LVS, MGM, WYNN, CZR, DKNG), weapons/defense (LMT, RTX, NOC, GD, BA, HII, LHX, SWBI, RGR), and conventional finance (JPM, GS, MS, BAC, C, WFC, and 25+ others).
- Asset-Backing Validation: Calculates the tangible asset ratio. At least 51% of the portfolio must be in tangible/real assets. Pure financial instruments (stocks of companies with >33% debt-to-assets) are flagged.
- Profit-Loss Sharing: Validates that the structure includes genuine risk-sharing between issuer and investor. No capital guarantees or guaranteed minimum returns.
- Terminology & Structure: Ensures the product uses correct Islamic finance terminology. Recommends the optimal Sukuk type based on the underlying assets.
Halal Alternatives:
When haram assets are detected, the system suggests Shariah-compliant alternatives:
| Ticker | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| SPUS | SP Funds S&P 500 Sharia | S&P 500 filtered for Shariah compliance |
| HLAL | Wahed FTSE USA Shariah ETF | US large-cap halal equity ETF |
| UMMA | Wahed Dow Jones Islamic World ETF | Global Islamic equity index |
| SPRE | SP Funds S&P Global REIT Sharia | Shariah-compliant global real estate |
| GLD | SPDR Gold Trust | Physical gold — inherently Shariah-compliant |
| IAU | iShares Gold Trust | Physical gold — lower expense ratio alternative |
For Shariah Scholars & Legal Review:
The CVI screening engine produces a machine-readable screening report (JSON format) that includes every check performed, the specific AAOIFI standard reference, each finding with severity level (pass/warning/critical), and the recommended Sukuk structure type with rationale. This report can be exported and provided to an independent Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) or Shariah scholar for human certification. The automated screening ensures baseline compliance; human scholarly review provides the final religious certification required under AAOIFI Governance Standard No. 1.
Conventional Bonds vs Sukuk — Quick Comparison
| Feature | Conventional Bond | ☪ Sukuk |
|---|---|---|
| Nature | Debt obligation — IOU from issuer | Ownership certificate — share in an asset or venture |
| Returns | Interest (Riba) — fixed or floating | Profit from trade, lease, or partnership — variable |
| Asset backing | Not required (unsecured bonds common) | Required — must be backed by tangible assets (>51%) |
| Risk sharing | Creditor bears no business risk (guaranteed repayment) | Investors share in profits AND losses |
| Tradability | Freely tradeable | Tradeable (except Murabaha Sukuk — held to maturity) |
| Governance | Securities regulation only | Securities regulation + Shariah Supervisory Board |
| Prohibited sectors | No restrictions (ESG optional) | Alcohol, tobacco, gambling, weapons, pork, conventional finance |
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
Quick answers to common questions.
General
Assets & Pricing
Currencies & FX
Simulation & Backtest
AI Advisor
Account & Access
🔧 Troubleshooting
Solutions to common issues.
Price Refresh Not Working
Symptoms
Clicking ⚡ Refresh shows a toast but prices don't update for some assets.
Solutions
- Ensure the asset has a ticker symbol or ISIN — assets without identifiers cannot be auto-refreshed.
- Check that the ticker is valid on Yahoo Finance (stocks, ETFs, metals) or CoinGecko (crypto).
- For ISIN-based assets, ensure the ISIN is a valid 12-character code. The system detects ISINs automatically.
- Precious metals need Yahoo Finance tickers (e.g., GC=F for gold, SI=F for silver).
- If rates are stale, fetch fresh FX rates from Settings → Currencies → ⚡ Fetch Live Rates.
Charts Not Displaying
Symptoms
Price history charts in Holdings or Print Portfolio appear blank or grow infinitely.
Solutions
- Chart.js requires the canvas element to be inside a container with a fixed height. This is handled automatically.
- Try refreshing the page (Ctrl+R).
- If printing, ensure pop-ups are allowed for the site.
Print Window Not Opening
Symptoms
Clicking Print/PDF buttons does nothing.
Solutions
- Ensure your browser allows pop-ups for this site. Print reports open in a new window.
- Check for browser pop-up blockers and add an exception for CVI PW.
AI Features Not Working
Symptoms
AI Import or AI Advisor shows errors or doesn't respond.
Solutions
- Verify that an Anthropic API key is configured: Admin → API Keys. The status indicator should show green ✓.
- Check that the API key is valid and has sufficient credits.
- AI Advisor responses may take 20–40 seconds — wait for the spinner to complete.
Session Expired / Logged Out
Symptoms
Redirected to login page unexpectedly.
Solutions
- Sessions are stored in the browser tab. Closing the tab ends the session — this is by design for security.
- Do not use incognito/private mode if you want sessions to persist during the tab's lifetime.
- Log in again with your credentials.
Currency Values Look Wrong
Symptoms
Portfolio values seem incorrect or show unexpected numbers.
Solutions
- Check your base currency — you may have switched it inadvertently. Look at the currency button in the top-right.
- Fetch fresh FX rates: Settings → Currencies → ⚡ Fetch Live Rates.
- Verify that each asset has the correct native currency set (edit the asset to check).
⌨️ Keyboard Shortcuts & Tips
Work faster with these shortcuts and power-user tips.
Browser Shortcuts
| Shortcut | Action |
|---|---|
| Ctrl+P / Cmd+P | Print current page or report |
| Escape | Close any open modal or dialog |
| Tab | Navigate between form fields |
| Enter | Submit forms or activate focused buttons |
| Ctrl+R / Cmd+R | Refresh the page (returns to last viewed page) |
Power-User Tips
- Quick currency switch — Use the top-bar currency button for instant base currency changes without leaving your current page.
- Batch price refresh — The ⚡ button updates all assets in parallel. It's faster than editing each one individually.
- ISIN paste — When adding assets, paste the full ISIN directly into the search field. The system auto-detects the format.
- Inline editing in Simulator — After adding a placement, tweak quantity or price directly on the card without reopening the wizard.
- Print to PDF — Use "Save as PDF" in your browser's print dialog to create shareable PDF documents from any report.
- Dark mode — Click the moon/sun icon for comfortable viewing in low-light conditions. Your preference is saved.
- AI Import shortcut — Skip manual form entry entirely by pasting trade confirmations into the AI Import tab.